24th February 2004

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Species Guide
Hardwood Lumber Grades
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Introduction

The hardwood forests of the Eastern United States contain a wide range of temperate hardwood species that have been managed for commercial and non-commercial purposes since the turn of the century. The hardwood sawmilling and processing industry, which depends upon this resource, is the largest producer of sawn hardwood in the world.

In recent years, the USA has substantially increased exports, although 90% is still consumed in the US domestic market. There are now specialised stockists all over the world from whom these unique hardwoods are available.

Purpose

The purpose of this section is to provide designers, architects, specifiers and users with the generic species information needed for a range of applications in furniture, joinery, flooring, doors and interiors. This information can also be obtained in hardcopy by ordering AHEC's "Guide to American Hardwood Species".

Information on lumber grades can be found here. The US industry also produces and exports American Hardwood veneer, plywood, flooring, dimension stock, furniture parts and mouldings. Information on these is published in AHEC’s "Guide to American Hardwood Products" brochure in conjunction with the species publication.

American Hardwoods vary according to region and the map below may be useful as a guide to provenance.

US commercial forest regions
US Commercial Forest Regions

Species covered in this section include:

Alder
Ash
Aspen
Basswood
Beech
Birch
Cherry
Cottonwood
Elm
Gum
Hackberry
Hickory & Pecan
Maple, Hard
Maple, Soft
Oak, Red
Oak, White
Sassafras
Tulipwood
Walnut
Willow